Asylum Seekers and Refugees

In 2026, the Diocese of Penang was home to approximately 25% of Malaysia’s roughly 200,000 UNHCR-registered refugees, a figure that does not even account for new arrivals or pending asylum seekers.

Because Malaysia is not a signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention or its 1967 Protocol, those seeking refuge are left without a legal protection framework. They are denied the right to work or study and face severely limited access to healthcare.

The largest population comes from Myanmar—predominantly the Rohingya and other ethnic minorities fleeing civil war and systemic violence. We also welcome Pakistani Christians escaping religious persecution, alongside Syrians, Yemenis, Somalis, Sudanese, and others. Despite their diverse origins, they are united by a single, desperate reality: they fled to survive; they just want to live.

Refugee Children

The story of a parish outreach uniting parishioners and youth.

refugee man receiving aid

The plight of asylum seekers and refugees in Malaysia

The absence of legal pathways forces desperate people into dangerous situations. To reunite with loved ones, refugee men often turn to illegal smuggling routes, inadvertently fueling corruption and human trafficking networks. Along the perilous journey from Cox’s Bazar in Bangladesh or Myanmar to Thailand, children, women, and young men are frequently kidnapped by agents, tortured, and held for ransom before being released into Malaysia. Traumatized by this journey, they arrive only to face a system with no proper protection framework or limited medical support.

Denied the legal right to work, many refugees struggle daily simply to secure shelter and food. Young men risk their lives taking on dangerous, demanding jobs in construction or on plantations, facing the constant threat of detention in immigration raids. When workplace accidents occur, they cannot afford treatment. Delayed medical care leaves many dying in agony, leaving behind wives, children, and elderly parents with absolutely no means of survival.

Every child deserves a safe, protected environment to grow and learn. Sadly, refugee children are barred from the formal education system, stripping away their fundamental right to build a future. Left idle on the streets, they become highly vulnerable to complex social issues, including exploitation by drug pushers, gangsterism, and substance abuse. Denying these children an education stifles their physical, mental, and spiritual development, trapping them in an inescapable cycle of generational poverty.

Our Intervention

mobile clinic at refugee learning centre
Medical

In Perak, parishes conduct home visits and provide vital livelihood support to families struggling to put food on the table. Collaboratively, Caritas groups organize medical camps in areas like Tapah, bringing doctors and essential supplies to the sick, preventing mortality and saving lives.

In Penang island, a local parish collaborates with an INGO to host a weekly mobile clinic, providing essential medical examinations and treatment to asylum seekers and refugees who cannot afford healthcare. Meanwhile, in Seberang Perai, the Parish Caritas partners with a refugee learning centre to organise biannual medical camps, offering primary healthcare to children and their parents.

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Case Management and Empowerment

In Penang and Kedah, parishes coordinate closely to deliver dedicated case management services. This vital work includes protecting women and children from abusive environments, rescuing the abandoned elderly, accompanying the sick, visiting detainees and helping them to contact family, and empowering vulnerable adults and children through education and skills training.

Additionally, Caritas Penang has assisted a refugee community in establishing a learning center, mobilizing parish volunteers to teach and empower the children. Ultimately, these services are designed to protect individuals and rebuild lives by bridging the critical gaps between refugee communities, NGOs, UNHCR Malaysia, and public services.

collecting hygiene items for detention centre
Outreaches

Annually, we collaborate with the parishes to organize a donation drive, collecting and distributing essential hygiene items for detainees held in immigration depot centers. This initiative serves as a tangible expression of solidarity.

Furthermore, our encounters with those seeking asylum empower Caritas Penang to simultaneously raise awareness of the pressing need for social and creation justice, both locally and across the globe.

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